Rheumatic diseases, also called musculoskeletal diseases, are characterized by inflammation, stiffness, pain, swelling, or limited movement, in one or more areas of the musculoskeletal system, such as muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments, and bones. Rheumatic diseases may also affect internal organs and connective tissue, and some may be caused by auto-immune conditions.
Rheumatic diseases include arthritis, lupus, gout, fibromyalgia, ankylosing spondylitis, and many more. They can affect anyone, regardless of age or race, and the causes may be multiple. Causes may include family history of rheumatic diseases, being overweight, trauma, infection, metabolic disorders, excessive exercise, environmental triggers or nervous system complaints.
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Rheumatic issues may be treated by a team of medical professionals, each with an important role in helping to manage or contain symptoms. These team members may include:
General Practitioner: This is your primary care doctor for routine health care, which can involve diagnosis and treatment, annual check-ups or vaccines, treatment for acute conditions, or other conditions which may worsen in time. Your general practitioner may refer you to a specialist for further assessment, treatment, or surgical options.
Rheumatologist: This is a doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic diseases, such as arthritis, autoimmune disease, musculoskeletal disorders, osteoporosis, in their earliest stages.
Rheumatologists are responsible for accurately diagnosing rheumatic diseases. They combine patient evaluations, comprehensive medical histories, and advanced diagnostic tests.
A rheumatologist has a deep understanding of these complex conditions. They use their expertise to distinguish between different types of arthritis, identify underlying autoimmune disorders, and evaluate the overall impact of musculoskeletal disorders on a patient’s health.
After establishing a diagnosis, rheumatologists develop personalized treatment plans that meet each patient’s needs. They employ various therapeutic approaches, such as medications, lifestyle adjustments, and other interventions, to relieve symptoms, manage inflammation, and hinder disease progression.
Plus, a rheumatologist will work closely with other healthcare professionals to ensure comprehensive care. They understand that rheumatic diseases often require a multidisciplinary approach.
Orthopedic Surgeon: This is a doctor who specializes in the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and rehabilitation of musculoskeletal problems. This provider may offer surgical options, if appropriate. Their aim is to prevent any further damage. Orthopedic surgeons may further specialize in certain areas, such as foot and ankle, podiatric, trauma and fractures, spine, reconstructive surgery, sports medicine, or joint replacement.
Occupational Therapist: This is a healthcare professional who assists people to return to work or daily activities following injury or disease, by helping them improve everyday motor skills. An occupation therapist will devise individualized motor function exercises to help the patient improve motor skills necessary for everyday tasks and self-care, thereby helping them to maintain or become independent and self-reliant. An occupational therapist may also assess the layout and design of the client’s home, workplace or school and recommend changes or equipment that would facilitate better access and mobility for the client. Occupational therapists may work in private practice, hospitals, schools, rehabilitation centres, home-care or government agencies.
Physical Therapist: This is a healthcare professional that specializes in body motion and function, particularly in regard to the nervous, musculoskeletal, and cardiorespiratory systems. A physical therapist will examine the client and develop a plan using techniques or exercises designed to promote movement, reduce pain, restore function, and prevent injury or disability. One of the roles of a physical therapist is to work with the patient to prevent loss of mobility before it occurs, by developing personalized programs for healthy, active lifestyles. Physical therapists may practice in a variety of settings, including schools or hospitals, community health or rehabilitation centers, sports facilities, or in private practice. Physical therapy may include electrostimulation pain treatment.
Podiatrist: This is a health professional that specializes in the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of conditions related to the feet, ankle, and lower limbs. A podiatrist may prescribe medication, perform surgery, or monitor feet for any degenerative changes. The podiatrist will often assess the anatomy and function of the foot and lower limbs during movement, which allows for effective diagnosis and recommendations, which include options such as specialized footwear.
Nurse: A nurse that specializes in rheumatic diseases may assist a general practitioner in your care, by helping you learn about your treatment plan and answer questions.
All of these professionals play an important role in providing a comprehensive treatment strategy for patients with rheumatic diseases.
Conclusion
Managing rheumatic diseases requires a comprehensive and collaborative approach involving a team of medical professionals. These professionals play a vital role in providing holistic care and improving the quality of life for people with rheumatic conditions. If you or someone you know is facing a rheumatic disease, it’s crucial to prioritize early diagnosis, appropriate medical intervention, and ongoing support.